https://dspace.usfa.edu.ua/handle/123456789/175 Наукові статті, доповіді, тези доповідей кафедри пошуку, рятування, авіаційної безпеки та спеціальної підготовки 2026-10-16T12:31:22Z https://dspace.usfa.edu.ua/handle/123456789/612 Title: Культурологічний підхід як методологічна основа професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців Authors: Лещенко, Геннадій Анатолійович; Leshchenko, Gennady Abstract: У статті здійснено аналіз професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців в контексті культурологічного підходу. Автором теоретично обгрунтовується доцільність впровадження культурологічного підходу у процес професійної підготовки майбутніх авіаційних фахівців, що сприятиме формуванню цілісної системи світосприйняття, підвищенню їх загальної культури, а також становленню субʼєктом професійної культури. The article analyzes the training of the future aviation specialists in the context of the cultural approach. The author substantiates theoretically the expediency of introducing the cultural approach into the process of professional training of future aviation specialists, which will contribute to the formation of the holistic system of world perception, to the increase of their general culture, as well as the formation of the subject of professional culture. It is noted that the modern educational paradigm is based on the approaches aimed at forming values and meanings of activity, the culture of modern specialist. Under such circumstances, the cultural approach becomes one of the main methodological approaches in the organization of the educational process in the high school. The author supposes that the cultural approach to education can be interpreted as a cultural-historical paradigm, which replaces the developing education. Its essence is the recognition of the decisive role of culture in education and upbringing. Under this approach, in the process of education and training, a person does not just study culture, but lives and experiences it as ones own way of life and activity, as a particular cultural environment. The article argues that the cultural approach as the methodology reveals the unity of the axiological, activity and individual-creative aspects of culture, considering the person as its subject, as the main doer. As a methodological basis of the modern pedagogical science, the cultural approach involves the use of the phenomenon of culture as a pivot in understanding and explaining the pedagogical phenomena and processes. The following functional principles of cultural analysis of the pedagogical problems are considered such as the systemic reconstruction of culture; the accounting of the subjectivity of the cultural development and the activity character of the realization of the subjective baseline in culture; the unity of normative and creative aspects of the existence of culture. The author of the article proposes to consider the professional training of future aviation specialists in the aspect of the cultural approach as a cultural opening educational process, where the teacher and the student realize themselves as subjects of culture, while the content of education is built in accordance with the content of professional culture, person-oriented pedagogical technologies are widely used, the cultural criteria are used to assess the level of readiness of the future specialist for professional activity. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.usfa.edu.ua/handle/123456789/556 Title: Порівняльне дослідження норвезького та українського досвіду професійної підготовки фахівців з пошуку і рятування Authors: Фроде, Нільсон; Суркова, Катерина Вікторівна; Мандрик, Яна Сергіївна; Frodo, Nilsson; Surkova, K.V.; Mandryk, Y.S. Abstract: Стаття присвячена розгляду проблеми вдосконалення професійної підготовки фахівців координаційних центрів пошуку і рятування та необхідність її вирішення через призму аналізу професійної підготовки таких фахівців в Норвегії. Розглянуті деякі основні методи дослідження порівняльної педагогіки на основі яких виконаний порівняльний аналіз особливостей професійної діяльності українських та норвезьких фахівців координаційних центрів пошуку і рятування, організацію та діяльність відповідних пошуково-рятувальних структур, а також компоненти системи професійної підготовки цих фахівців в Норвегії. Methods of comparative pedagogic allow to submit for consideration the problem of improving search and rescue coordination center specialists training by means of such specialistsspecialists training in Norway and these methods allow to show up tendencies of such training development. Analysis of peculiarities of search and rescue coordination center specialists activities, organization and activities of corresponding aviation authorities and components of search and rescue coordination center specialists training in Norway are represented. Peculiarities of professional activity of Norwegian search and rescue coordination center specialists are presented. Research of state of the search and rescue system in Norway and professional activity of Norwegian specialists is carried out through a set of comparative pedagogy methods: the study of official documents, the study of statistics, method of observation, conversation and interviews, structural method, comparative method. For the comparative analysis of Ukraine and Norway search and rescue systems the following criteria are selected: conditions of the search and rescue (climatic and geographic conditions, population); amount of aviation search and rescue areas; amount and location of on-duty air search and rescue bases and search and rescue coordination centers; the number of aviation search and rescue aircraft; amount of incidents in need of search and rescue operations; probability of assignment of object to conduct search and rescue operation. The analysis of sphere of professional activity of Norwegian search and rescue coordination center specialists confirms Norway is a modern air State, a significant number of personnel for search and rescue, a large number of search and rescue aircraft, coherence of actions of all Forces and means possibly involved in search and rescue under management and coordination of single body, are the great interest for comparative studies. As a result of the comparative analysis problems are found in human resources, organizational and technical components of the aviation search and rescue in Ukraine. Therefore, the important task of improvement the training of future specialists of search and rescue coordination center is to be solved by applying the Norwegian experience. Difficult conditions for activities of Norwegian search and rescue coordination center specialists require high professional level which is necessary to form during training. Comparative pedagogy methods allow finding out the problem of improving of training for future specialists of search and rescue coordination center of Ukrainian in the light of the analysis of Norway specialists training. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.usfa.edu.ua/handle/123456789/542 Title: Викладач-тьютор як суб’єкт дистанційного освітнього процесу у вищій школі Authors: Лещенко, Геннадій Анатолійович; Leshchenko, G.A. Abstract: У статті розглянуто проблему підвищення якості освіти на основі запровадження у навчальний процес дистанційного навчання. Встановлено, що ефективність дистанційної форми навчання залежить від професійної підготовки викладача-тьютора як суб′єкта освітнього процесу. Визначено концептуальні засади практичної реалізація моделі підготовки викладачів вищої школи та проектування маршрутів їх професійної підготовки до здійснення дистанційного навчання. The article deals with the problem of improving the quality of education on the basis of introduction into the educational process of distance learning. It is determined that distance education is a kind of educational system, which uses mainly remote learning technologies and educational process organization, or one of the forms of obtaining education, in which the mastery of one or another of its levels in one or another specialty is carried out in the process of distance learning. Factors that contributed to the emergence of forms of distance education are: globalization, increasing the dynamics of socio-economic development of society, the emergence of new needs of those who study, and the development of information and communication technologies, their full implementation in virtually all spheres of human life, the need for wide application in educational Practice as a means of learning and subject of study. It is established that the effectiveness of distance learning depends on the professional training of the teacher-tutor as a subject of the educational process. The process of training the tutors focuses on the development of their communicative, analytical, reflective skills and psychological readiness to work in the virtual space, the skills of facilitation, that is, the establishment and maintenance of information links and interaction between the listeners and other participants in the system of distance education, the regulation of various problems, conflict resolution, adaptation of listeners to a new form of learning. The author stresses that the main problems of the creation and implementation of distance learning systems are computer-technological, organizational-managerial, psychological and pedagogical, financial-economic and normative-legal. Along with the awareness of the need for an integrated and balanced solution to each of these problems, one should highlight the psychological and pedagogical as such, the theoretical and practical solution of which today is the task of the most complex, to the required boundary is not defined and therefore not properly resolved. The conceptual foundations of practical implementation of the model of training of teachers of higher education and designing the routes of their professional training for the implementation of distance learning are determined. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z