Досвід євроконтролю у впровадженні Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) як дорожня карта для України

Abstract

This research provide a comprehensive academic analysis of the implementation of Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology as a fundamental driver for modernizing global air traffic management (ATM) systems. The study evaluates the strategic frameworks established by EUROCONTROL and the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA NextGen initiative), highlighting the critical paradigm shift from traditional, ground-based radar tracking to proactive, satellite-reliant surveillance. The author details the technical and operational principles of the 1090 MHz Extended Squitter (1090ES) data link, differentiating between the functional capabilities of ADS -B Out for air traffic control and ADS-B In for enhanced pilot situational awareness and self-separation. A significant portion of the paper is dedicated to addressing the contemporary cybersecurity and privacy challenges inherent to unencrypted, broadcast-based surveillance. The study reviews potential mitigation strategies proposed by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), including data filtering, dynamic aircraft identification anonymity, and prospective cryptographic solutions. Furthermore, the research formulates a strategic roadmap for Ukraine's aviation sector. The author concludes that adopting European regulatory mandates and technological standards is not only a prerequisite for Ukraine's seamless integration into the Common European Aviation Area (CEAA) but also a highly cost-effective logistical solution. Implementing a robust ADS-B network will allow Ukraine to significantly reduce its financial reliance on expensive, high-maintenance ground radar infrastructure while simultaneously improving airspace capacity, reducing separation minimums, and enhancing safety oversight across diverse geographical terrains.