Методика розрахунку завадостійкості пілотажно-навігаційного обладнання в умовах електромагнітного впливу

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive methodology for calculating and evaluating the electromagnetic interference (EMI) immunity of aircraft flight and navigation equipment. As the density of the radio-frequency environment increases, particularly with the deployment of electronic warfare systems, ensuring the operational integrity of avionics becomes a critical flight safety objective. The research introduces a hybrid evaluation model that integrates a deterministic interference immunity coefficient with a probabilistic failure framework. Through rigorous empirical testing involving GNSS receivers and Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) subjected to field intensities ranging from 1 to 50 V/m, the study identifies a pronounced non linear degradation of navigation signals. The experimental data reveals an exponential increase in positioning errors and a corresponding linear degradation of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) as field strength amplifies.Consequently, the authors establish strict operational thresholds: field intensities below 10 V/m are classified as safe, 10–30 V/m induce predictable signal degradation, and values exceeding 30 V/m trigger critical system failures. To mitigate these vulnerabilities and ensure compliance with stringent RTCA DO-160G, MIL-STD-461, and ICAO standards, the paper proposes a robust set of engineering countermeasures. These include the implementation of multi-layer shielding for critical processor units, the appli cation of adaptive Kalman and Wiener filtering, the deployment of anti-jamming antenna arrays, and the architectural fusion of GNSS and INS utilizing voting logic algorithms. The findings provide a vital predictive tool for avionics design and certification processes, ensuring sustained navigational resilience in contested electromagnetic environments.