Концепція повітряного простору вільних маршрутів у сучасному аеронавігаційному обслуговуванні

Abstract

The article considers the concept of Free Route Airspace (FRA) as an important element of modern air navigation services. The main principles of FRA implementation and its role in the digitalization of air traffic management are analyzed. The research provides empirical evidence from the Northern Europe Free Route Airspace (NEFRA), demonstrating a 35% reduction in potential separation violations and a 70% decrease in the risk exposure index. Environmental modeling indicates that FRA allows for an annual global saving of six million tons of fuel, reducing CO2 emissions by 20 million tons through the optimization of 4D trajectories. Special attention is paid to the influence of FRA on the efficiency and safety of air traffic control operations, noting that route extensions have decreased significantly to just 1.57% by August 2025. The study shows that the implementation of FRA contributes to the optimization of airspace use and the elimination of European sky fragmentation. Strategically, the full-scale deployment completed in late 2025 under EU Regulation 2021/116 has formed a robust foundation for future unmanned and space-traffic management. The development of digital technologies, integrated with the Flexible Use of Airspace (FUA) principle, plays a significant role in the further expansion of this concept, ensuring a sustainable and resilient aviation ecosystem for the next decades.